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Berislav V Zlokovic, MD, PhD

Title(s)Chair and Professor of Physiology & Neuroscience
SchoolKeck School of Medicine of USC
Phone+1 323 442 2722
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    Other Positions
    Title(s)Mary Hayley and Selim Zilkha Chair in Alzheimer's Disease Research

    Title(s)Director, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute


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    Collapse Overview
    Berislav V. Zlokovic is the director of the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and Professor and Chair of the Department of Physiology & Neuroscience at the Keck School of Medicine of USC, and a Professor of Biological Sciences at the Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences. Zlokovic has a life-long career in studying the role of cerebral blood vessels in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders and stroke. Using animal models and studying human brain, his laboratory has shown that dysfunction in the blood-brain barrier and brain microcirculation can accumulate before neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the onset and progression of different neurological disorders and symptoms including dementia. His research team has identified the cellular and molecular mechanisms in cerebral blood vessels causing disruption of the blood-brain barrier and neurovascular unit, which leads to neurodegeneration in models of Alzheimer’s disease, pericyte-deficient rodents and stroke. His group has also identified molecular mechanisms at the blood-brain barrier that maintain clearance of Alzheimer’s toxin amyloid-beta from the brain into the circulation, and its influx or re-entry from the circulation into the brain, reflecting an important physiological function of the blood-brain barrier in maintaining brain amyloid-beta homeostasis. Discoveries of his research team have contributed to the development of clinical trials for Alzheimer’s disease (Phase 2 and 3 studies) based on clearance of amyloid-beta and/or blockade of its re-entry into the brain, and stroke based on activated protein C treatment that has currently completed successfully assessment in stroke patients (Phase 2) as a neuroprotective agent.

    Zlokovic’s more recent research interests are focused on genes that influence the risk for Alzheimer’s disease, particularly how APOE4, PICALM, and CLU affect the cerebrovascular system. In these studies, he uses different transgenic animal models, and human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived neuronal and blood-brain barrier in vitro models of neurological disorders. He and his research team have also developed novel neuroimaging methods in the living human brain and animal models and novel molecular biomarkers of the neurovascular unit to evaluate how blood-brain barrier and cerebral blood flow functions influence neuronal function, neurodegeneration and cognition. He also remains interested in developing advanced approaches with activated protein C therapy for stroke and other neurological disorders.

    Zlokovic is recognized internationally as a leader in the fields of Alzheimer’s disease and stroke. Thomson Reuters listed Zlokovic as one of “The World’s Most Influential Scientific Minds” in 2002-2012, and 2012-2017 for ranking in one percent of the most-cited authors in the field of neurosciences and behavioral sciences. He is the recipient of many awards, including the MetLife Award for Medical Research for “significant contributions to our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease and for bringing us closer to a cure”, the Potamkin Prize from the American Academy of Neurology " in recognition of outstanding achievements in research on Alzheimer’s and related neurodegenerative diseases”, the Javits Award from the National Institute on Neurological Disorders and Stroke "in recognition of distinguished record of substantial contributions in a field of neurological sciences”, and the MERIT Award from the National Institute on Aging "in recognition of sustained contribution to aging and leadership and commitment to the field”. He is a fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science (AAAS) and a member of The Dana Alliance for Brain Initiative, the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and The European Academy of Sciences (Academia Europeae) - the Life Sciences Class. In 2016 and 2107, he was asked by the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, The Nobel Committee to nominate one or more candidates for the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 2017 and 2018.

    Zlokovic is an active entrepreneur and inventor. He co-founded ZZ Biotech, a biotechnology company that is dedicated to developing new treatments for stroke and neurological disorders.

    Featured Publications:

    i-10 index: 228; h-index: 91; >350 publications; 34,063 citations (Google Scholar, Sep 2018); complete list in Google Scholar: https://goo.gl/2Npcj2

    Selected Publications representing interests of the Zlokovic laboratory.


    Montagne A, Nikolakopoulou AM, Zhao Z, Sagare AP, Si G, Lazic D, Barnes SR, Daianu M, Ramanathan A, Go A, Lawson EJ, Wang Y, Mack WJ, Thompson PM, Schneider JA, Varkey J, Langen R, Mullins E, Jacobs RE, Zlokovic BV (2018) Pericyte degeneration causes white matter dysfunction in the mouse CNS. Nature Medicine 24(3), 326-337.

    Sweeney MD, Sagare AP, Zlokovic BV (2018) Blood-brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Nature Reviews Neurology 14(3), 133-150.

    Kisler K, Lazic D, Sweeney M, Plunkett S, Khatib ME, Vinogradov SA, Boas DA, Sakadzic S, Zlokovic BV (2018) Diverse protocols for in vivo measurements of cerebrovascular hemodynamic responses and tissue oxygen levels and delivery in the mouse brain. Nature Protocols 13(6), 1377-1402.
    Sweeney MD, Zlokovic BV (2018) A lymphatic waste-disposal system implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. Nature 560 (7717) 172-174.


    Kisler K, Nelson A, Montagne A, Zlokovic BV (2017) Cerebral blood flow regulation and neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 18, 419-434.

    Kisler K, Nelson AR, Rege SV, Ramanathan A, Wang Y, Ahuja A, Lazic D, Tsai PS, Zhao Z, Zhou Y, Boas DA, Sakadžic S, Zlokovic BV (2017) Pericyte degeneration leads to neurovascular uncoupling and limits oxygen supply to brain. Nature Neuroscience 20, 406-416.

    Wang Y, Zhao Z, Rege S, Griffin JH, Goldman SA, Zlokovic BV (2016) 3K3A-APC stimulates post-ischemic neuronal repair by human neural progenitor cells in mice. Nature Medicine 22 (9): 1050-1055.

    Sweeney MD, Ayyadurai S, Zlokovic BV (2016) Pericytes of the neurovascular unit: key functions and signaling pathways. Nature Neuroscience 19 (6): 771-783.

    Zhao Z, Nelson A, Betsholtz C, Zlokovic BV (2015) Establishment and dysfunction of blood-brain barrier. Cell 163, Nov 19;163(5):1064-78.

    Zhao Z, Sagare AP, Ma Q, Halliday MR, Kong P, Kisler K, Winkler EA, Ramanathan A, Kanekiyo T, Bu G, Owens NQ, Rege SV, Si G, Ahuja A, Zhu D, Miller CA, Schneider JA, Maeda M, Maeda T, Sugawara T, Ichida JK, Zlokovic BV (2015) Central role for PICALM in amyloid-? blood-brain barrier transcytosis and clearance. Nature Neuroscience 18, 978-987.

    Winkler EA, Nishida Y, Sagare AP, Rege SV, Bell RD, Perlmutter D, Sengillo JD, Hillman S, Kong P, Nelson AR, Sullivan JS, Zhao Z, Meiselman HJ, Wendy RB, Soto J, Abel ED, Makshanoff J, Zuniga E, De Vivo DC, Zlokovic BV (2015) GLUT1 reductions exacerbate Alzheimer’s disease vasculo-neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. Nature Neuroscience 18, 521-530.

    Montagne A, Barnes SR, Sweeney MD, Halliday MR, Sagare AP, Zhao Z, Toga AW, Jacobs RE, Liu CY, Amezcua L, Harrington MG, Chui HC, Law M, Zlokovic BV (2015) Blood-brain barrier breakdown in the aging human hippocampus. Neuron 85, 296-302.

    Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV, Mosnier LO (2015) Activated Protein C: Biased for Translation. Blood 125 (19), 2898-2907.

    Zhao Z and Zlokovic BV (2014) Blood-Brain Barrier: A Dual Life of MFSD2A? Neuron 82, 728–730.

    Winkler EA, Sengillo JD, Sagare AP, Zhao Z, Ma Q, Zuniga E, Wang Y, Zhong G, Sullivan JS, Griffin JH, Cleveland DW, Zlokovic BV (2014) Blood-spinal cord barrier disruption contributes to early motor neuron degeneration in ALS model mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 111(11), E1035-42.

    Bell RD, Winkler E, Sagare A, Singh I, Deane R, Wu Z, Holtzman DM, Betsholtz C, Armulik A, Sallstrom J, Berk B, Zlokovic BV (2012) Apolipoprotein E controls cerebrovascular integrity via cyclophilin A. Nature 485, 512-516.

    Deane R, Singh I, Sagare A, Bell R, Ross NT, Larue B, Love R, Perry S, Deane RJ, Thiyagarajan M, Zarcone T, Friedman A, Miller BL, Zlokovic BV (2012) A novel multi-modal RAGE-specific inhibitor controls amyloid-beta-mediated brain disorder in mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation 122 (4), 1377-1392.

    Winkler E, Bell R, Zlokovic BV (2011) Functions of CNS pericytes in health and disease. Nature Neuroscience 14, 1398-1405.

    Zlokovic BV (2011) Neurovascular pathways to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease and other disorders. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 12, 723-738.

    Winkler EA, Bell RD, Zlokovic BV (2011) Lack of Smad and Notch Leads to a Fatal Game of Brain Pericyte Hopscotch. Developmental Cell (Cell) 20 (3), 279-281.

    Zlokovic BV, Griffin JH (2011) Activated protein C cytoprotective pathways and implications for stroke and neurological disorders. Trends in Neurosciences 34 (4), 1198-2009.

    Zlokovic BV (2010) Neurodegeneration and the neurovascular unit. Nature Medicine 16(12), 1370-71.

    Bell RD, Winkler EA, Sagare A, Singh I, LaRue B, Deane R, Zlokovic BV (2010) Pericytes control key neurovascular functions and the neuronal phenotype in the adult brain and during brain aging. Neuron 68, 409-427.

    Zhu D, Wang Y, Singh I, Bell RD, Deane R, Zhong Z, Sagare A, Winkler EA, Zlokovic BV (2010) Protein S controls hypoxic/ischemic blood-brain barrier disruption through the TAM receptor Tyro3 and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor. Blood 115, 4963-4972.

    Bell RD , Deane R, Chow N, Long X, Sagare A, Singh I, Streb JW, Guo H, Rubio A, Van Nostrand W, Miano JP, Zlokovic BV (2009) SRF and myocardin regulate LRP-mediated amyloid-beta clearance in brain vascular cells. Nature Cell Biology 11(2), 143-153.

    Zhong Z, Ilieva H, Hallagan L, Bell R, Singh I, Paquette N, Thiyagarajan M, Deane R, Fernandez JA, Lane S, Zlokovic AB, Liu T, Griffin JH, Chow N, Castellino F, Stojanovic K, Cleveland DW, Zlokovic BV (2009) Activated protein C slows ALS-like disease by transcrptionally inhibiting SOD1 in motor neurons and microglial cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation 119(11), 3437-3440.

    Deane R, Sagare A, Hamm K, Parisi M, Lane S, Finn MB, Holtzman DM, Zlokovic BV (2008) Apolipoprotein E isoform-specific disruption of Alzheimer’s amyloid ?-peptide clearance from mouse brain Journal of Clinical Investigation 118(12), 4002-4013.

    Zhong Z, Deane R, Zarina A, Parisi M, Shapovalov Y, 0’Banion K, Stojanovic K, Sagare A, Boillee S, Cleveland DW, Zlokovic BV (2008) ALS-causing SOD1 mutants generate vascular changes prior to motor neuron degeneration. Nature Neuroscience 11(4), 420-422.

    Zlokovic BV (2008) Blood-brain barrier in health and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Neuron, 57, 178-201.

    Sagare A, Deane R, Bell RD, Johnson B, Hamm K, Pendu R, Marky A, Lenting PJ, Wu Z, Zarcone T, Goate A, Mayo K, Pelmutter D, Coma M, Zhong Z, Zlokovic BV (2007) Clearance of amyloid-beta by circulating lipoprotein receptors. Nature Medicine 13 (9), 1029-1031.

    Chow N, Bell RD, Deane R, Streb JW, Chen J, Brooks A, Van Nostrand W, Miano JM, Zlokovic BV (2007). Serum response factor and myocardin mediate cerebral arterial hypercontractility and blood flow dysregulation in Alzheimer’s phenotype. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 104, 823-828.

    Mosnier L, Zlokovic BV, Griffin JH (2007) The cellular protein C pathway. Blood 109(8), 161-172.

    Cheng T, Petraglia A, Li Z, Meedakshisudaram T, Wu Z, Zhong Z, Liu D, Maggirwar SB, Deane R, Fernandez J, LaRue B, Griffin J, Chopp M, Zlokovic BV (2006) Activated protein C inhibits tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage. Nature Medicine 12 (11), 1278-1285.

    Zlokovic BV (2006) Remodeling after stroke. Nature Medicine 12 (4) 390-391.

    Wu Z, Guo H, Chow N, Sallstrom J, Bell RD, Deane R, Brooks A, Kanagala S, Rubio A, Sagare A, Liu D, Li F, Armstrong D, Gasiewicz T, Zidovetski R, Song H, Hofman F, Zlokovic BV (2005) Role of MEOX2 homeobox gene in neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer disease. Nature Medicine 11(9), 959-965.

    Zlokovic BV (2005) Neurovascular mechanisms of Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration. Trends in Neurosciences 28, 202-208.

    Deane R, Wu Z, Davis J, Yan SD, Hamm K, Sagare A, Xu F, Spijkers P, Lenting PJ, Van Nostrand WE, Zlokovic BV (2004) LRP-amyloid-beta interaction mediates differential brain efflux of Abeta isoforms Neuron 43, 33-44.

    Liu D, Cheng T, Guo H, Fernandez AJ, Griffin JH, Song X, Zlokovic BV (2004) Tissue plasminogen activator neurovascular toxicity is controlled by activated protein C. Nature Medicine 10, (12), 1379-1383.

    Guo H, Liu D, Gelbard H, Cheng T, Fernandez JA, Insalaca R, Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV (2004) Activated protein C prevents neuronal apoptosis via protease activated receptors 1 and 3. Neuron 41, 563-572.

    Deane R, Yan SD, Kumar R, Jovanovic S, LaRue B, Welch D, Maness L, Yu J, Zhu H, Ghiso J, Frangione B, Schmidt AM, Arnold B, Liliensiek B, Nawroth P, Hofman F, Kindy M, Stern D, Zlokovic BV (2003) RAGE mediates amyloid-ß peptide transport across the blood-brain barrier and accumulation in brain. Nature Medicine 9(7), 907-913.

    Cheng T, Liu D, Fernández JA, Griffin JH, Castellino F, Rosen E, Fukudome K, Zlokovic BV (2003) Activated protein C blocks P53-mediated apoptosis in ischemic human brain endothelium and is neuroportective. Nature Medicine 9, 338-342.

    Domotor E, Benzakour O, Griffin JH, Yule D, Fukudome K, Zlokovic BV (2003) Activated protein C alters cytosolic Ca2+ flux in human brain endothelium via binding to endothelial protein C receptor and activation of protease-activated receptor-1. Blood 101, 4797-4801.

    Shibata M, Subramanyan RK, Amar A, Fernandez J, Griffin J, Zlokovic BV (2001) Anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and neuroprotective effects of activated protein C in a murine model of focal ischemic stroke with cerebrovascular thrombosis. Circulation 103, 1799-1805.

    Shibata M, Yamada S, Kumar RS, Calero M, Bading B, Frangione B, Holtzman DM, Miller CA, Strickland DK, Ghiso J, Zlokovic BV (2000) Clearance of Alzheimer’s amyloid-ß1-40 peptide from brain by LDL receptor-related protein-1 at the blood-brain barrier. Journal of Clinical Investigation 106(12), 1489-1499.

    Zlokovic BV, Shinya Y, Holtzman D, Ghiso J, Frangione B (2000) Clearance of amyloid ß-peptide from brain: transport or metabolism? Nature Medicine 6, 718-719.

    Mackic JB, Stins M, McComb JG, Calero M, Ghiso J, Kim KS, Yan SD, Stern D, Schmidt AM, Frangione B, Zlokovic BV (1998) Human blood-brain barrier receptors for Alzheimer's amyloid-? 1-40: Asymmetrical binding, endocytosis and transcytosis at the apical side of brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayer. Journal of Clinical Investigation 102, 734-743.

    Zlokovic BV, Martel CL, Matsubara E, McComb JG, Zheng G, McCluskey RT, Frangione B, Ghiso J (1996) Glycoprotein 330/megalin: Porbable role in receptor-mediated transport of apolipoprotein J alone and in a complex with Alzheimer's Disease amyloid-? at the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 93, 4229-4236.

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    The role of pericytes in white matter disease
    NIH/NINDS R01NS100459Sep 30, 2016 - Aug 31, 2021
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Vascular Contributions to Dementia and Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease
    NIH/NIA P01AG052350Sep 30, 2016 - May 31, 2021
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Activated protein C system in stroke models
    NIH/NINDS R01NS090904Sep 30, 2014 - Jul 31, 2019
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Caloric restriction and Alzheimers ABeta clearance pathway
    NIH/NIA R03AG046216Aug 15, 2013 - Jul 31, 2016
    Role: Principal Investigator
    The role of pericytes in the aging brain and pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer's A-beta and tau pathology
    NIH/NIA R01AG039452Aug 1, 2011 - Nov 30, 2023
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Protein S: Neurovascular Protection in Stroke
    NIH/NHLBI R01HL081528Jul 1, 2006 - Jun 30, 2011
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Cerebrovascular beta-Amyloidosis: A-beta CNS Transport Pathways
    NIH/NIA R01AG023084Dec 1, 2003 - Mar 31, 2020
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Cerebrovascular beta-Amyloidosis: A-beta CNS Transport Pathways
    NIH/NIA R37AG023084Dec 1, 2003 - Aug 31, 2014
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Regulation of Brain Thrombosis in Stroke Models
    NIH/NHLBI R01HL063290Jul 15, 1999 - Apr 30, 2014
    Role: Principal Investigator
    AGING BRAIN--CEREBROVASCULAR MECHANISM &AMYLOID BETA
    NIH/NIA P01AG016223May 1, 1999 - Apr 30, 2004
    Role: Principal Investigator
    AGING AND BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER AB TRASPORT IN PRIMATES
    NIH/NIA R03AG014526Mar 1, 1997 - Feb 28, 1998
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Alzheimer's Abeta, apolipoproteins and blood-brain barrier
    NIH/NINDS R01NS034467Sep 1, 1995 - Mar 31, 2019
    Role: Principal Investigator
    Alzheimer's Abeta, apolipoproteins and blood-brain barrier
    NIH/NINDS R37NS034467Sep 1, 1995 - Mar 31, 2014
    Role: Principal Investigator
    BLOOD-LENS TRANSFER OF GLUTATHIONE &SULFUR AMINO ACIDS
    NIH/NEI R01EY009399Aug 1, 1993 - Jul 31, 1996
    Role: Principal Investigator
    BLOOD-LENS TRANSFER OF GLUTATHIONE &SULFUR AMINO ACIDS
    NIH/NEI R55EY009399Sep 30, 1992 - Jul 31, 1993
    Role: Principal Investigator

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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
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    1. Sagare AP, Sweeney MD, Nelson AR, Zhao Z, Zlokovic BV. Prion Protein Antagonists Rescue Alzheimer's Amyloid-ß-Related Cognitive Deficits. Trends Mol Med. 2019 Jan 17. PMID: 30661727.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Lazic D, Sagare AP, Nikolakopoulou AM, Griffin JH, Vassar R, Zlokovic BV. 3K3A-activated protein C blocks amyloidogenic BACE1 pathway and improves functional outcome in mice. J Exp Med. 2019 Jan 15. PMID: 30647119.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Nation DA, Sweeney MD, Montagne A, Sagare AP, D'Orazio LM, Pachicano M, Sepehrband F, Nelson AR, Buennagel DP, Harrington MG, Benzinger TLS, Fagan AM, Ringman JM, Schneider LS, Morris JC, Chui HC, Law M, Toga AW, Zlokovic BV. Blood-brain barrier breakdown is an early biomarker of human cognitive dysfunction. Nat Med. 2019 Jan 14. PMID: 30643288.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Lyden P, Pryor KE, Coffey CS, Cudkowicz M, Conwit R, Jadhav A, Sawyer RN, Claassen J, Adeoye O, Song S, Hannon P, Rost NS, Hinduja A, Torbey M, Lee JM, Benesch C, Rippee M, Rymer M, Froehler MT, Clarke Haley E, Johnson M, Yankey J, Magee K, Qidwai J, Levy H, Mark Haacke E, Fawaz M, Davis TP, Toga AW, Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV. Final Results of the RHAPSODY Trial: A Multi-Center, Phase 2 Trial Using a Continual Reassessment Method to Determine the Safety and Tolerability of 3K3A-APC, A Recombinant Variant of Human Activated Protein C, in Combination with Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Mechanical Thrombectomy or both in Moderate to Severe Acute Ischemic Stroke. Ann Neurol. 2019 Jan; 85(1):125-136. PMID: 30450637.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Sweeney MD, Montagne A, Sagare AP, Nation DA, Schneider LS, Chui HC, Harrington MG, Pa J, Law M, Wang DJJ, Jacobs RE, Doubal FN, Ramirez J, Black SE, Nedergaard M, Benveniste H, Dichgans M, Iadecola C, Love S, Bath PM, Markus HS, Salman RA, Allan SM, Quinn TJ, Kalaria RN, Werring DJ, Carare RO, Touyz RM, Williams SCR, Moskowitz MA, Katusic ZS, Lutz SE, Lazarov O, Minshall RD, Rehman J, Davis TP, Wellington CL, González HM, Yuan C, Lockhart SN, Hughes TM, Chen CLH, Sachdev P, O'Brien JT, Skoog I, Pantoni L, Gustafson DR, Biessels GJ, Wallin A, Smith EE, Mok V, Wong A, Passmore P, Barkof F, Muller M, Breteler MMB, Román GC, Hamel E, Seshadri S, Gottesman RF, van Buchem MA, Arvanitakis Z, Schneider JA, Drewes LR, Hachinski V, Finch CE, Toga AW, Wardlaw JM, Zlokovic BV. Vascular dysfunction-The disregarded partner of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2019 Jan; 15(1):158-167. PMID: 30642436.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Sweeney MD, Zhao Z, Montagne A, Nelson AR, Zlokovic BV. Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back. Physiol Rev. 2019 01 01; 99(1):21-78. PMID: 30280653.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Ma Q, Zhao Z, Sagare AP, Wu Y, Wang M, Owens NC, Verghese PB, Herz J, Holtzman DM, Zlokovic BV. Blood-brain barrier-associated pericytes internalize and clear aggregated amyloid-ß42 by LRP1-dependent apolipoprotein E isoform-specific mechanism. Mol Neurodegener. 2018 10 19; 13(1):57. PMID: 30340601.
      View in: PubMed
    8. Sweeney MD, Kisler K, Montagne A, Toga AW, Zlokovic BV. The role of brain vasculature in neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Neurosci. 2018 Oct; 21(10):1318-1331. PMID: 30250261.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Brown R, Benveniste H, Black SE, Charpak S, Dichgans M, Joutel A, Nedergaard M, Smith KJ, Zlokovic BV, Wardlaw JM. Understanding the role of the perivascular space in cerebral small vessel disease. Cardiovasc Res. 2018 Sep 01; 114(11):1462-1473. PMID: 29726891.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Sweeney MD, Zlokovic BV. A lymphatic waste-disposal system implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Nature. 2018 08; 560(7717):172-174. PMID: 30076374.
      View in: PubMed
    11. Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV, Mosnier LO. Activated protein C, protease activated receptor 1, and neuroprotection. Blood. 2018 Jul 12; 132(2):159-169. PMID: 29866816.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Netto JP, Iliff J, Stanimirovic D, Krohn KA, Hamilton B, Varallyay C, Gahramanov S, Daldrup-Link H, d'Esterre C, Zlokovic B, Sair H, Lee Y, Taheri S, Jain R, Panigrahy A, Reich DS, Drewes LR, Castillo M, Neuwelt EA. Neurovascular Unit: Basic and Clinical Imaging with Emphasis on Advantages of Ferumoxytol. Neurosurgery. 2018 Jun 01; 82(6):770-780. PMID: 28973554.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Kisler K, Lazic D, Sweeney MD, Plunkett S, El Khatib M, Vinogradov SA, Boas DA, Sakadži S, Zlokovic BV. In vivo imaging and analysis of cerebrovascular hemodynamic responses and tissue oxygenation in the mouse brain. Nat Protoc. 2018 Jun; 13(6):1377-1402. PMID: 29844521.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Russin JJ, Montagne A, D'Amore F, He S, Shiroishi MS, Rennert RC, Depetris J, Zlokovic BV, Mack WJ. Permeability imaging as a predictor of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2018 Jun; 38(6):973-979. PMID: 29611451.
      View in: PubMed
    15. Shi Y, Lin S, Staats KA, Li Y, Chang WH, Hung ST, Hendricks E, Linares GR, Wang Y, Son EY, Wen X, Kisler K, Wilkinson B, Menendez L, Sugawara T, Woolwine P, Huang M, Cowan MJ, Ge B, Koutsodendris N, Sandor KP, Komberg J, Vangoor VR, Senthilkumar K, Hennes V, Seah C, Nelson AR, Cheng TY, Lee SJ, August PR, Chen JA, Wisniewski N, Hanson-Smith V, Belgard TG, Zhang A, Coba M, Grunseich C, Ward ME, van den Berg LH, Pasterkamp RJ, Trotti D, Zlokovic BV, Ichida JK. Haploinsufficiency leads to neurodegeneration in C9ORF72 ALS/FTD human induced motor neurons. Nat Med. 2018 Mar; 24(3):313-325. PMID: 29400714.
      View in: PubMed
    16. Montagne A, Nikolakopoulou AM, Zhao Z, Sagare AP, Si G, Lazic D, Barnes SR, Daianu M, Ramanathan A, Go A, Lawson EJ, Wang Y, Mack WJ, Thompson PM, Schneider JA, Varkey J, Langen R, Mullins E, Jacobs RE, Zlokovic BV. Pericyte degeneration causes white matter dysfunction in the mouse central nervous system. Nat Med. 2018 Mar; 24(3):326-337. PMID: 29400711.
      View in: PubMed
    17. Sweeney MD, Sagare AP, Zlokovic BV. Blood-brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018 Mar; 14(3):133-150. PMID: 29377008.
      View in: PubMed
    18. Sinha RK, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Xu X, Burnier L, Gupta N, Fernández JA, Martin G, Kupriyanov S, Mosnier LO, Zlokovic BV, Griffin JH. PAR1 biased signaling is required for activated protein C in vivo benefits in sepsis and stroke. Blood. 2018 Mar 15; 131(11):1163-1171. PMID: 29343482.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Montagne A, Zhao Z, Zlokovic BV. Alzheimer's disease: A matter of blood-brain barrier dysfunction? J Exp Med. 2017 Nov 06; 214(11):3151-3169. PMID: 29061693.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Amar AP, Sagare AP, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Nelson AR, Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV. Can adjunctive therapies augment the efficacy of endovascular thrombolysis? A potential role for activated protein C. Neuropharmacology. 2018 05 15; 134(Pt B):293-301. PMID: 28923278.
      View in: PubMed
    21. Nelson AR, Sagare AP, Zlokovic BV. Role of clusterin in the brain vascular clearance of amyloid-ß. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 08 15; 114(33):8681-8682. PMID: 28765369.
      View in: PubMed
    22. Zhao Z, Zlokovic BV. Remote control of BBB: A tale of exosomes and microRNA. Cell Res. 2017 Jul; 27(7):849-850. PMID: 28674430.
      View in: PubMed
    23. Kisler K, Nelson AR, Montagne A, Zlokovic BV. Cerebral blood flow regulation and neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017 07; 18(7):419-434. PMID: 28515434.
      View in: PubMed
    24. Ochocinska MJ, Zlokovic BV, Searson PC, Crowder AT, Kraig RP, Ljubimova JY, Mainprize TG, Banks WA, Warren RQ, Kindzelski A, Timmer W, Liu CH. NIH workshop report on the trans-agency blood-brain interface workshop 2016: exploring key challenges and opportunities associated with the blood, brain and their interface. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2017 May 01; 14(1):12. PMID: 28457227.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Nikolakopoulou AM, Zhao Z, Montagne A, Zlokovic BV. Regional early and progressive loss of brain pericytes but not vascular smooth muscle cells in adult mice with disrupted platelet-derived growth factor receptor-ß signaling. PLoS One. 2017; 12(4):e0176225. PMID: 28441414.
      View in: PubMed
    26. Kisler K, Nelson AR, Rege SV, Ramanathan A, Wang Y, Ahuja A, Lazic D, Tsai PS, Zhao Z, Zhou Y, Boas DA, Sakadžic S, Zlokovic BV. Pericyte degeneration leads to neurovascular uncoupling and limits oxygen supply to brain. Nat Neurosci. 2017 Mar; 20(3):406-416. PMID: 28135240.
      View in: PubMed
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    117. Zhong Z, Deane R, Ali Z, Parisi M, Shapovalov Y, O'Banion MK, Stojanovic K, Sagare A, Boillee S, Cleveland DW, Zlokovic BV. ALS-causing SOD1 mutants generate vascular changes prior to motor neuron degeneration. Nat Neurosci. 2008 Apr; 11(4):420-2. PMID: 18344992; PMCID: PMC2895310.
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    164. Zlokovic BV, Cox C. Lower cognitive performance of older football players possessing apolipoprotein E epsilon4. Neurosurgery. 2001 May; 48(5):1196-7. PMID: 11334298.
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    166. MacDonald TJ, Taga T, Shimada H, Tabrizi P, Zlokovic BV, Cheresh DA, Laug WE. Preferential susceptibility of brain tumors to the antiangiogenic effects of an alpha(v) integrin antagonist. Neurosurgery. 2001 Jan; 48(1):151-7. PMID: 11152340.
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    200. Zlokovic B. Can blood-brain barrier play a role in the development of cerebral amyloidosis and Alzheimer's disease pathology. Neurobiol Dis. 1997; 4(1):23-6. PMID: 9258908.
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    201. Kannan R, Yi JR, Tang D, Zlokovic BV, Kaplowitz N. Identification of a novel, sodium-dependent, reduced glutathione transporter in the rat lens epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 Oct; 37(11):2269-75. PMID: 8843923.
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    202. Zlokovic BV, Martel CL, Matsubara E, McComb JG, Zheng G, McCluskey RT, Frangione B, Ghiso J. Glycoprotein 330/megalin: probable role in receptor-mediated transport of apolipoprotein J alone and in a complex with Alzheimer disease amyloid beta at the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 30; 93(9):4229-34. PMID: 8633046; PMCID: PMC39517.
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    203. Kannan R, Yi JR, Tang D, Li Y, Zlokovic BV, Kaplowitz N. Evidence for the existence of a sodium-dependent glutathione (GSH) transporter. Expression of bovine brain capillary mRNA and size fractions in Xenopus laevis oocytes and dissociation from gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and facilitative GSH transporters. J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 19; 271(16):9754-8. PMID: 8621654.
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    204. Kittaka M, Wang L, Sun N, Schreiber SS, Seeds NW, Fisher M, Zlokovic BV. Brain capillary tissue plasminogen activator in a diabetes stroke model. Stroke. 1996 Apr; 27(4):712-9. PMID: 8614937.
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    205. Martel CL, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Ghiso J, Zlokovic BV. Blood-brain barrier uptake of the 40 and 42 amino acid sequences of circulating Alzheimer's amyloid beta in guinea pigs. Neurosci Lett. 1996 Mar 15; 206(2-3):157-60. PMID: 8710175.
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    206. Martel CL, Mackic JB, Adams JD, McComb JG, Weiss MH, Zlokovic BV. Transport of dopamine at the blood-brain barrier of the guinea pig: inhibition by psychotropic drugs and nicotine. Pharm Res. 1996 Feb; 13(2):290-5. PMID: 8932451.
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    207. Chen TC, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Giannotta SL, Weiss MH, Zlokovic BV. Cellular uptake and transport of methylprednisolone at the blood-brain barrier. Neurosurgery. 1996 Feb; 38(2):348-54. PMID: 8869063.
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    208. Mackic JB, Jinagouda S, McComb JG, Weiss MH, Kannan R, Kaplowitz N, Zlokovic BV. Transport of circulating reduced glutathione at the basolateral side of the anterior lens epithelium: physiologic importance and manipulations. Exp Eye Res. 1996 Jan; 62(1):29-37. PMID: 8674510.
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    209. Zlokovic BV. Cerebrovascular transport of Alzheimer's amyloid beta and apolipoproteins J and E: possible anti-amyloidogenic role of the blood-brain barrier. Life Sci. 1996; 59(18):1483-97. PMID: 8890929.
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    210. Zlokovic BV, Wang L, Sun N, Haffke S, Verrall S, Seeds NW, Fisher MJ, Schreiber SS. Expression of tissue plasminogen activator in cerebral capillaries: possible fibrinolytic function of the blood-brain barrier. Neurosurgery. 1995 Nov; 37(5):955-61. PMID: 8559345.
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    211. Elliott PJ, Mackic JB, Graney WF, Bartus RT, Zlokovic BV. RMP-7, a bradykinin agonist, increases permeability of blood-ocular barriers in the guinea pig. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995 Nov; 36(12):2542-7. PMID: 7591644.
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    212. Zlokovic BV. Cerebrovascular permeability to peptides: manipulations of transport systems at the blood-brain barrier. Pharm Res. 1995 Oct; 12(10):1395-406. PMID: 8584471.
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    213. Kannan R, Yi JR, Zlokovic BV, Kaplowitz N. Molecular characterization of a reduced glutathione transporter in the lens. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995 Aug; 36(9):1785-92. PMID: 7635653.
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    214. Redzic ZB, Markovic ID, Jovanovic SS, Mitrovic DM, Zlokovic BV, Rakic LM. Slow penetration of [3H] tiazofurin into guinea pig brain by a saturable mechanism. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Jul-Aug; 17(6):407-14. PMID: 8642902.
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    215. Redzic ZB, Markovic ID, Jovanovic SS, Zlokovic BV, Rakic LM. Penetration of [3H] tiazofurin into guinea pig eye by a saturable mechanism. Eur J Ophthalmol. 1995 Apr-Jun; 5(2):131-5. PMID: 7549442.
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    216. Zlokovic BV, Martel CL, Mackic JB, Matsubara E, Wisniewski T, McComb JG, Frangione B, Ghiso J. Brain uptake of circulating apolipoproteins J and E complexed to Alzheimer's amyloid beta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Dec 15; 205(2):1431-7. PMID: 7802679.
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    217. Zlokovic BV, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Kaplowitz N, Weiss MH, Kannan R. Blood-to-lens transport of reduced glutathione in an in situ perfused guinea-pig eye. Exp Eye Res. 1994 Oct; 59(4):487-96. PMID: 7859824.
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    218. Zlokovic BV, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Weiss MH, Kaplowitz N, Kannan R. Evidence for transcapillary transport of reduced glutathione in vascular perfused guinea-pig brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 May 30; 201(1):402-8. PMID: 8198602.
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    219. Wang L, McComb JG, Weiss MH, McDonough AA, Zlokovic BV. Nicotine downregulates alpha 2 isoform of Na,K-ATPase at the blood-brain barrier and brain in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Mar 30; 199(3):1422-7. PMID: 8147886.
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    220. Mackic JB, Ross-Cisneros FN, McComb JG, Bekhor I, Weiss MH, Kannan R, Zlokovic BV. Galactose-induced cataract formation in guinea pigs: morphologic changes and accumulation of galactitol. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994 Mar; 35(3):804-10. PMID: 8125742.
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    221. Zlokovic BV, Ghiso J, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Weiss MH, Frangione B. Blood-brain barrier transport of circulating Alzheimer's amyloid beta. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Dec 30; 197(3):1034-40. PMID: 8280117.
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    222. Zlokovic BV. The blood-brain barrier in vitro: recent progress. Neurochem Int. 1993 Dec; 23(6):523. PMID: 8281120.
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    223. Zlokovic BV, Mackic JB, Wang L, McComb JG, McDonough A. Differential expression of Na,K-ATPase alpha and beta subunit isoforms at the blood-brain barrier and the choroid plexus. J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 15; 268(11):8019-25. PMID: 8385133.
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    224. Lipovac MN, Debler EA, Zlokovic BV, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, de Costa B, Selmeci G, Chi L, Reith ME. Metaphit-induced audiogenic seizures in mice: II. Studies on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, GABA, and sodium channel receptors and on the disposition of metaphit in the brain. Epilepsia. 1993 Mar-Apr; 34(2):211-9. PMID: 8384107.
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    225. Zlokovic BV, Wang L, Mackic JB, Saraj AJ, McComb JG, McDonough A. Expression of Na,K-ATPase at the blood-brain interface. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993; 331:55-60. PMID: 8392783.
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    226. Kannan R, Tang D, Mackic JB, Zlokovic BV, Fernandez-Checa JC. A simple technique to determine glutathione (GSH) levels and synthesis in ocular tissues as GSH-bimane adduct: application to normal and galactosemic guinea-pigs. Exp Eye Res. 1993 Jan; 56(1):45-50. PMID: 8432334.
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    227. Zlokovic BV, Mackic JB, Lipovac MN, McComb JG, Weiss MH. Blood-brain transport of vasopressin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993; 331:143-7. PMID: 8333329.
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    228. Zlokovic BV, McComb JG, Lipovac MN, Chen TC, Mackic JB, Schneider J, Gianotta SL, Weiss MH. Differential brain penetration of cerebroprotective drugs. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993; 331:117-20. PMID: 8333325.
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    229. Zlokovic BV, Banks WA, el Kadi H, Erchegyi J, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Kastin AJ. Transport, uptake, and metabolism of blood-borne vasopressin by the blood-brain barrier. Brain Res. 1992 Sep 11; 590(1-2):213-8. PMID: 1422832.
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    230. Zlokovic BV, Mackic JB, McComb JG, Kannan R, Weiss MH. An in situ perfused guinea-pig eye model for blood-ocular transport studies: application to amino acids. Exp Eye Res. 1992 Mar; 54(3):471-7. PMID: 1381681.
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    231. Zlokovic BV, McComb JG, Perlmutter L, Weiss MH, Davson H. Neuroactive peptides and amino acids at the blood-brain barrier: possible implications for drug abuse. NIDA Res Monogr. 1992; 120:26-42. PMID: 1501689.
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    232. Zlokovic BV, Segal MB, McComb JG, Hyman S, Weiss MH, Davson H. Kinetics of circulating vasopressin uptake by choroid plexus. Am J Physiol. 1991 Feb; 260(2 Pt 2):F216-24. PMID: 1899978.
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    233. Begley DJ, Squires LK, Zlokovic BV, Mitrovic DM, Hughes CC, Revest PA, Greenwood J. Permeability of the blood-brain barrier to the immunosuppressive cyclic peptide cyclosporin A. J Neurochem. 1990 Oct; 55(4):1222-30. PMID: 2398356.
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    234. Zlokovic BV, Hyman S, McComb JG, Lipovac MN, Tang G, Davson H. Kinetics of arginine-vasopressin uptake at the blood-brain barrier. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Jun 27; 1025(2):191-8. PMID: 2364078.
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    235. Segal MB, Preston JE, Collis CS, Zlokovic BV. Kinetics and Na independence of amino acid uptake by blood side of perfused sheep choroid plexus. Am J Physiol. 1990 May; 258(5 Pt 2):F1288-94. PMID: 2186633.
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    236. Segal MB, Preston JE, Zlokovic B. Comparison between blood and saline perfusion on the uptake of amino acids by choroid plexus of the sheep. Endocrinol Exp. 1990 Mar; 24(1-2):29-36. PMID: 2361466.
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    237. Zlokovic BV, Segal MB, Davson H, Lipovac MN, Hyman S, McComb JG. Circulating neuroactive peptides and the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Endocrinol Exp. 1990 Mar; 24(1-2):9-17. PMID: 2193795.
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    238. Zlokovic BV, Skundric DS, Segal MB, Lipovac MN, Mackic JB, Davson H. A saturable mechanism for transport of immunoglobulin G across the blood-brain barrier of the guinea pig. Exp Neurol. 1990 Mar; 107(3):263-70. PMID: 1689666.
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    239. Rakic LM, Zlokovic BV, Davson H, Segal MB, Begley DJ, Lipovac MN, Mitrovic DM. Chronic amphetamine intoxication and the blood-brain barrier permeability to inert polar molecules studied in the vascularly perfused guinea pig brain. J Neurol Sci. 1989 Dec; 94(1-3):41-50. PMID: 2515257.
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    240. Zlokovic BV, Mackic JB, Djuricic B, Davson H. Kinetic analysis of leucine-enkephalin cellular uptake at the luminal side of the blood-brain barrier of an in situ perfused guinea-pig brain. J Neurochem. 1989 Nov; 53(5):1333-40. PMID: 2795003.
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    241. Zlokovic BV, Susic VT, Davson H, Begley DJ, Jankov RM, Mitrovic DM, Lipovac MN. Saturable mechanism for delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) at the blood-brain barrier of the vascularly perfused guinea pig brain. Peptides. 1989 Mar-Apr; 10(2):249-54. PMID: 2547200.
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    242. Rakic LM, Zlokovic BV, Segal MB, Lipovac MH, Mitrovic DM, Veskov R, Mackic JB, Davson H. Effects of sensory-motor cortical lesions on blood-brain permeability in guinea pigs. Metab Brain Dis. 1989 Mar; 4(1):9-15. PMID: 2495423.
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    243. Zlokovic BV, Skundric DS, Segal MB, Colover J, Jankov RM, Pejnovic N, Lackovic V, Mackic J, Lipovac MN, Davson H. Blood-brain barrier permeability changes during acute allergic encephalomyelitis induced in the guinea pig. Metab Brain Dis. 1989 Mar; 4(1):33-40. PMID: 2495422.
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    244. Zlokovic BV, Lipovac MN, Begley DJ, Davson H, Rakic L. Slow penetration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone across the blood-brain barrier of an in situ perfused guinea pig brain. J Neurochem. 1988 Jul; 51(1):252-7. PMID: 3132534.
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    245. Zlokovic BV, Segal MB, Davson H, Jankov RM. Passage of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Peptides. 1988 May-Jun; 9(3):533-8. PMID: 3420012.
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    246. Zlokovic BV, Segal MB, Davson H, Mitrovic DM. Unidirectional uptake of enkephalins at the blood-tissue interface of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: a saturable mechanism. Regul Pept. 1988 Jan; 20(1):33-44. PMID: 3127863.
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    247. Zlokovic BV, Lipovac MN, Begley DJ, Davson H, Rakic L. Transport of leucine-enkephalin across the blood-brain barrier in the perfused guinea pig brain. J Neurochem. 1987 Jul; 49(1):310-5. PMID: 3585338.
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    248. Zlokovic BV, Begley DJ, Djuricic BM, Mitrovic DM. Measurement of solute transport across the blood-brain barrier in the perfused guinea pig brain: method and application to N-methyl-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid. J Neurochem. 1986 May; 46(5):1444-51. PMID: 3083044.
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    249. Zlokovic BV, Segal MB, Begley DJ, Davson H, Rakic L. Permeability of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid and blood-brain barriers to thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Brain Res. 1985 Dec 09; 358(1-2):191-9. PMID: 3935272.
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    250. Mann GE, Zlokovic BV, Yudilevich DL. Evidence for a lactate transport system in the sarcolemmal membrane of the perfused rabbit heart: kinetics of unidirectional influx, carrier specificity and effects of glucagon. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1985 Oct 10; 819(2):241-8. PMID: 4041458.
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    251. Zlokovic BV, Begley DJ, Chain-Eliash DG. Blood-brain barrier permeability to leucine-enkephalin, D-alanine2-D-leucine5-enkephalin and their N-terminal amino acid (tyrosine). Brain Res. 1985 Jun 10; 336(1):125-32. PMID: 3891014.
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    252. Zlokovic BV, Begley DJ, Chain DG. Blood-brain barrier permeability to dipeptides and their constituent amino acids. Brain Res. 1983 Jul 18; 271(1):65-71. PMID: 6883121.
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