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Giselle M Petzinger, MD

Title(s)Associate Professor of Neurology (Clinical Scholar)
Phone+1 323 442 5728
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    Dr. Petzinger is a board certified neurologist specializing in the care of patients with Parkinson’s disease. She divides her time between clinical care of patients and laboratory research. The primary focus of Dr. Petzinger’s research is to better understand how to promote brain repair following injury and to translate these findings into new therapeutic treatments. Dr. Petzinger has been involved in numerous federally funded research grants. Currently, she is the principal investigator on the US Army Research Grant entitled Behaviorial and Pharmacolgical Enhancement of Neuroplasticity in Basal Ganglia of the MPTP-Lesioned Mouse and Non-Human Primate.

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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help.
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    1. Halliday MR, Abeydeera D, Lundquist AJ, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW. Intensive treadmill exercise increases expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a and its downstream transcript targets: a potential role in neuroplasticity. Neuroreport. 2019 06 12; 30(9):619-627. PMID: 31045849.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Lundquist AJ, Parizher J, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW. Exercise induces region-specific remodeling of astrocyte morphology and reactive astrocyte gene expression patterns in male mice. J Neurosci Res. 2019 Jun 07. PMID: 31175682.
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    3. Petkus AJ, Filoteo JV, Schiehser DM, Gomez ME, Petzinger G. Worse cognitive performance predicts increased anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: A bidirectional analysis. Neuropsychology. 2019 Jan; 33(1):35-46. PMID: 30335414.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Ferrazzoli D, Ortelli P, Madeo G, Giladi N, Petzinger GM, Frazzitta G. Basal ganglia and beyond: The interplay between motor and cognitive aspects in Parkinson's disease rehabilitation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 07; 90:294-308. PMID: 29733882.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Davies JMS, Cillard J, Friguet B, Cadenas E, Cadet J, Cayce R, Fishmann A, Liao D, Bulteau AL, Derbré F, Rébillard A, Burstein S, Hirsch E, Kloner RA, Jakowec M, Petzinger G, Sauce D, Sennlaub F, Limon I, Ursini F, Maiorino M, Economides C, Pike CJ, Cohen P, Salvayre AN, Halliday MR, Lundquist AJ, Jakowec NA, Mechta-Grigoriou F, Mericskay M, Mariani J, Li Z, Huang D, Grant E, Forman HJ, Finch CE, Sun PY, Pomatto LCD, Agbulut O, Warburton D, Neri C, Rouis M, Cillard P, Capeau J, Rosenbaum J, Davies KJA. The Oxygen Paradox, the French Paradox, and age-related diseases. Geroscience. 2017 12; 39(5-6):499-550. PMID: 29270905.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Kintz N, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW. Treadmill exercise modifies dopamine receptor expression in the prefrontal cortex of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport. 2017 Oct 18; 28(15):987-995. PMID: 28877102.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Stefanko DP, Shah VD, Yamasaki WK, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW. Treadmill exercise delays the onset of non-motor behaviors and striatal pathology in the CAG140 knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2017 Sep; 105:15-32. PMID: 28502806.
      View in: PubMed
    8. Clewett D, Sakaki M, Nielsen S, Petzinger G, Mather M. Noradrenergic mechanisms of arousal's bidirectional effects on episodic memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2017 Jan; 137:1-14. PMID: 27815214.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Jakowec MW, Wang Z, Holschneider D, Beeler J, Petzinger GM. Engaging cognitive circuits to promote motor recovery in degenerative disorders. exercise as a learning modality. J Hum Kinet. 2016 Sep 01; 52:35-51. PMID: 28149392.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Wang Z, Stefanko DP, Guo Y, Toy WA, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW, Holschneider DP. Evidence of functional brain reorganization on the basis of blood flow changes in the CAG140 knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neuroreport. 2016 06 15; 27(9):632-9. PMID: 27082842.
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    11. Lee YY, Winstein CJ, Gordon J, Petzinger GM, Zelinski EM, Fisher BE. Context-Dependent Learning in People With Parkinson's Disease. J Mot Behav. 2016 May-Jun; 48(3):240-8. PMID: 26375786.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Sieurin J, Gustavsson P, Weibull CE, Feldman AL, Petzinger GM, Gatz M, Pedersen NL, Wirdefeldt K. Personality traits and the risk for Parkinson disease: a prospective study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016 Feb; 31(2):169-75. PMID: 26130127.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Petzinger GM, Holschneider DP, Fisher BE, McEwen S, Kintz N, Halliday M, Toy W, Walsh JW, Beeler J, Jakowec MW. The Effects of Exercise on Dopamine Neurotransmission in Parkinson's Disease: Targeting Neuroplasticity to Modulate Basal Ganglia Circuitry. Brain Plast. 2015; 1(1):29-39. PMID: 26512345.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Beeler JA, Cools R, Luciana M, Ostlund SB, Petzinger G. A kinder, gentler dopamine… highlighting dopamine's role in behavioral flexibility. Front Neurosci. 2014; 8:4. PMID: 24478624.
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    15. Toy WA, Petzinger GM, Leyshon BJ, Akopian GK, Walsh JP, Hoffman MV, Vuckovic MG, Jakowec MW. Treadmill exercise reverses dendritic spine loss in direct and indirect striatal medium spiny neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2014 Mar; 63:201-9. PMID: 24316165.
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    16. Beeler JA, Petzinger G, Jakowec MW. The Enemy within: Propagation of Aberrant Corticostriatal Learning to Cortical Function in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol. 2013; 4:134. PMID: 24062721.
      View in: PubMed
    17. Kintz N, Petzinger GM, Akopian G, Ptasnik S, Williams C, Jakowec MW, Walsh JP. Exercise modifies a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor expression in striatopallidal neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse. J Neurosci Res. 2013 Nov; 91(11):1492-507. PMID: 23918451.
      View in: PubMed
    18. Fisher BE, Li Q, Nacca A, Salem GJ, Song J, Yip J, Hui JS, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM. Treadmill exercise elevates striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding potential in patients with early Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport. 2013 Jul 10; 24(10):509-14. PMID: 23636255.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Petzinger GM, Fisher BE, McEwen S, Beeler JA, Walsh JP, Jakowec MW. Exercise-enhanced neuroplasticity targeting motor and cognitive circuitry in Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol. 2013 Jul; 12(7):716-26. PMID: 23769598.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Akopian G, Crawford C, Petzinger G, Jakowec MW, Walsh JP. Brief mitochondrial inhibition causes lasting changes in motor behavior and corticostriatal synaptic physiology in the Fischer 344 rat. Neuroscience. 2012 Jul 26; 215:149-59. PMID: 22554779.
      View in: PubMed
    21. Feldman AL, Johansson AL, Gatz M, Flensburg M, Petzinger GM, Widner H, Lew MF, Pedersen NL, Wirdefeldt K. Accuracy and sensitivity of Parkinsonian disorder diagnoses in two Swedish national health registers. Neuroepidemiology. 2012; 38(3):186-93. PMID: 22472568.
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    22. Speelman AD, van de Warrenburg BP, van Nimwegen M, Petzinger GM, Munneke M, Bloem BR. How might physical activity benefit patients with Parkinson disease? Nat Rev Neurol. 2011 Jul 12; 7(9):528-34. PMID: 21750523.
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    23. Antzoulatos E, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Wood RI. MPTP Neurotoxicity and Testosterone Induce Dendritic Remodeling of Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons in the C57Bl/6 Mouse. Parkinsons Dis. 2011; 2011:138471. PMID: 21765998.
      View in: PubMed
    24. Petzinger GM, Fisher BE, Akopian G, Holschneider DP, Wood R, Walsh JP, Lund B, Meshul C, Vuckovic M, Jakowec MW. The role of exercise in facilitating basal ganglia function in Parkinson's disease. Neurodegener Dis Manag. 2011 Apr 01; 1(2):157-170. PMID: 23805167.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Vuckovic MG, Li Q, Fisher B, Nacca A, Leahy RM, Walsh JP, Mukherjee J, Williams C, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM. Exercise elevates dopamine D2 receptor in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease: in vivo imaging with [¹8F]fallypride. Mov Disord. 2010 Dec 15; 25(16):2777-84. PMID: 20960487.
      View in: PubMed
    26. Crawford CA, Akopian G, Ring J, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Andersen JK, Vittozzi-Wong P, Wang K, Farley CM, Charntikov S, Mitroi D, Beal MF, Chow R, Walsh JP. Acute and long-term response of dopamine nigrostriatal synapses to a single, low-dose episode of 3-nitropropionic acid-mediated chemical hypoxia. Synapse. 2011 Apr; 65(4):339-50. PMID: 20730800.
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    27. Gorton LM, Vuckovic MG, Vertelkina N, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW, Wood RI. Exercise effects on motor and affective behavior and catecholamine neurochemistry in the MPTP-lesioned mouse. Behav Brain Res. 2010 Dec 01; 213(2):253-62. PMID: 20472000; PMCID: PMC2902645.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    28. Antzoulatos E, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Wood RI. Sex differences in motor behavior in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2010 Jun; 95(4):466-72. PMID: 20347863.
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    29. VanLeeuwen JE, Petzinger GM, Walsh JP, Akopian GK, Vuckovic M, Jakowec MW. Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury. J Neurosci Res. 2010 Feb 15; 88(3):650-68. PMID: 19746427.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Petzinger GM, Fisher BE, Van Leeuwen JE, Vukovic M, Akopian G, Meshul CK, Holschneider DP, Nacca A, Walsh JP, Jakowec MW. Enhancing neuroplasticity in the basal ganglia: the role of exercise in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2010; 25 Suppl 1:S141-5. PMID: 20187247.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Song J, Fisher BE, Petzinger G, Wu A, Gordon J, Salem GJ. The relationships between the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale and lower extremity functional performance in persons with early-stage Parkinson's disease. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2009 Sep; 23(7):657-61. PMID: 19336530.
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    32. Akopian G, Crawford C, Beal MF, Cappelletti M, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Zheng L, Gheorghe SL, Reichel CM, Chow R, Walsh JP. Decreased striatal dopamine release underlies increased expression of long-term synaptic potentiation at corticostriatal synapses 24 h after 3-nitropropionic-acid-induced chemical hypoxia. J Neurosci. 2008 Sep 17; 28(38):9585-97. PMID: 18799690.
      View in: PubMed
    33. Vuckovic MG, Wood RI, Holschneider DP, Abernathy A, Togasaki DM, Smith A, Petzinger GM, Jakowec MW. Memory, mood, dopamine, and serotonin in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury. Neurobiol Dis. 2008 Nov; 32(2):319-27. PMID: 18718537.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Fisher BE, Wu AD, Salem GJ, Song J, Lin CH, Yip J, Cen S, Gordon J, Jakowec M, Petzinger G. The effect of exercise training in improving motor performance and corticomotor excitability in people with early Parkinson's disease. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Jul; 89(7):1221-9. PMID: 18534554; PMCID: PMC2989816.
      View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
    35. Wu AD, Petzinger GM, Lin CH, Kung M, Fisher B. Asymmetric corticomotor excitability correlations in early Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2007 Aug 15; 22(11):1587-93. PMID: 17523196.
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    36. Wirdefeldt K, Gatz M, Bakaysa SL, Fiske A, Flensburg M, Petzinger GM, Widner H, Lew MF, Welsh M, Pedersen NL. Complete ascertainment of Parkinson disease in the Swedish Twin Registry. Neurobiol Aging. 2008 Dec; 29(12):1765-73. PMID: 17532098.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Petzinger GM, Walsh JP, Akopian G, Hogg E, Abernathy A, Arevalo P, Turnquist P, Vuckovic M, Fisher BE, Togasaki DM, Jakowec MW. Effects of treadmill exercise on dopaminergic transmission in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury. J Neurosci. 2007 May 16; 27(20):5291-300. PMID: 17507552.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Petzinger GM, Fisher B, Hogg E, Abernathy A, Arevalo P, Nixon K, Jakowec MW. Behavioral motor recovery in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus): changes in striatal dopamine and expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter proteins. J Neurosci Res. 2006 Feb 01; 83(2):332-47. PMID: 16385585.
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    39. Shakil SS, Holmer HK, Moore C, Abernathy AT, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Meshul CK. High and low responders to novelty show differential effects in striatal glutamate. Synapse. 2005 Dec 01; 58(3):200-7. PMID: 16138315.
      View in: PubMed
    40. Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned model of parkinson's disease, with emphasis on mice and nonhuman primates. Comp Med. 2004 Oct; 54(5):497-513. PMID: 15575363.
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    41. Fisher BE, Petzinger GM, Nixon K, Hogg E, Bremmer S, Meshul CK, Jakowec MW. Exercise-induced behavioral recovery and neuroplasticity in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse basal ganglia. J Neurosci Res. 2004 Aug 01; 77(3):378-90. PMID: 15248294.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Jakowec MW, Nixon K, Hogg E, McNeill T, Petzinger GM. Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter expression following 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurodegeneration of the mouse nigrostriatal pathway. J Neurosci Res. 2004 May 15; 76(4):539-50. PMID: 15114626.
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    43. Liker MA, Petzinger GM, Nixon K, McNeill T, Jakowec MW. Human neural stem cell transplantation in the MPTP-lesioned mouse. Brain Res. 2003 May 09; 971(2):168-77. PMID: 12706233.
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    44. Woulfe JM, Duke R, Middeldorp JM, Stevens S, Vervoort M, Hashimoto M, Masliah E, Chan P, Di Monte DA, Langston JW, Petzinger G, Hoogendoorn H, Munoz DG. Absence of elevated anti-alpha-synuclein and anti-EBV latent membrane protein antibodies in PD. Neurology. 2002 May 14; 58(9):1435-6. PMID: 12011302.
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    45. Przedborski S, Jackson-Lewis V, Naini AB, Jakowec M, Petzinger G, Miller R, Akram M. The parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP): a technical review of its utility and safety. J Neurochem. 2001 Mar; 76(5):1265-74. PMID: 11238711.
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    46. Petzinger GM, Quik M, Ivashina E, Jakowec MW, Jakubiak M, Di Monte D, Langston JW. Reliability and validity of a new global dyskinesia rating scale in the MPTP-lesioned non-human primate. Mov Disord. 2001 Mar; 16(2):202-7. PMID: 11295771.
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    47. Jakowec MW, Donaldson DM, Barba J, Petzinger GM. Postnatal expression of alpha-synuclein protein in the rodent substantia nigra and striatum. Dev Neurosci. 2001; 23(2):91-9. PMID: 11509831.
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    48. Di Monte DA, McCormack A, Petzinger G, Janson AM, Quik M, Langston WJ. Relationship among nigrostriatal denervation, parkinsonism, and dyskinesias in the MPTP primate model. Mov Disord. 2000 May; 15(3):459-66. PMID: 10830409.
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    49. Kahle PJ, Jakowec M, Teipel SJ, Hampel H, Petzinger GM, Di Monte DA, Silverberg GD, Möller HJ, Yesavage JA, Tinklenberg JR, Shooter EM, Murphy GM. Combined assessment of tau and neuronal thread protein in Alzheimer's disease CSF. Neurology. 2000 Apr 11; 54(7):1498-504. PMID: 10751266.
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    50. Langston JW, Quik M, Petzinger G, Jakowec M, Di Monte DA. Investigating levodopa-induced dyskinesias in the parkinsonian primate. Ann Neurol. 2000 Apr; 47(4 Suppl 1):S79-89. PMID: 10762135.
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    51. Tolwani RJ, Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Green S, Waggie K. Experimental models of Parkinson's disease: insights from many models. Lab Anim Sci. 1999 Aug; 49(4):363-71. PMID: 10480640.
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    52. Jakowec MW, Petzinger GM, Sastry S, Donaldson DM, McCormack A, Langston JW. The native form of alpha-synuclein is not found in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease or normal controls. Neurosci Lett. 1998 Aug 28; 253(1):13-6. PMID: 9754793.
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    53. Petzinger GM, Bressman SB. A case of tetrabenazine-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome after prolonged treatment. Mov Disord. 1997 Mar; 12(2):246-8. PMID: 9087987.
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    54. Ford B, Greene P, Louis ED, Petzinger G, Bressman SB, Goodman R, Brin MF, Sadiq S, Fahn S. Use of intrathecal baclofen in the treatment of patients with dystonia. Arch Neurol. 1996 Dec; 53(12):1241-6. PMID: 8970452.
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    55. Petzinger G, Mayer SA, Przedborski S. Fentanyl-induced dyskinesias. Mov Disord. 1995 Sep; 10(5):679-80. PMID: 8552126.
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    56. Cairns T, Siegmund EG, Barry TL, Petzinger G. Potential misidentification of trichlorophenylethanol in imported peppers. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 1990 Feb; 4(2):58-60. PMID: 2134339.
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    57. Cairns T, Siegmund EG, Stamp JJ, Barry TL, Petzinger G. Thermospray mass spectrometry of thiazides. A novel elimination and rearrangement resulting from a molecular adduct ion. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 1988 Feb; 2(2):25-7. PMID: 2577840.
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