Darcy Spicer, MD

Title(s)Professor of Clinical Medicine
SchoolKeck School of Medicine of Usc
AddressNOR 3446
Health Sciences Campus
Los Angeles CA 90089-9173
Phone+1 323 865 3904
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    Other Positions
    Title(s)Chief, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine

    Title(s)Co-Director, Lynne Cohen Clinic


    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse Overview
    Dr. Spicer has been on faculty at the Keck School of Medicine at USC since 1980 when he began as a Clinical Instructor of Medicine in the Department of Oncology. Dr. Spicer holds several United States patents for his medical inventions. He is a medical oncology attending physician at both the LAC+USC Medical Center and the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center.

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse Research Activities and Funding
    SCCISARS 2: An e-Solution to Protect Human Subjects
    NIH S07RR018274Sep 1, 2002 - Aug 31, 2006
    Role: Principal Investigator
    GNRH AGONIST REGIMEN FOR BREAST CANCER PREVENTION
    NIH U01CA079428Sep 15, 1998 - Aug 31, 2000
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse ORNG Applications 
    Collapse Clinical Trials

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse Publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Evaluation of markers of immunity in different metastatic immune microenvironments suggests more suppression within breast to liver metastases in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024 Jul; 206(2):245-259. Hsu R, Al-Zubeidy B, Flores D, Nazarian A, Baugh A, Gonzalez E, Castanon S, Xiu J, Kang I, Spicer D, Lenz HJ, Dara L, Ademuyiwa FO, Korn WM, Irshad S, Chan IS, Roussos Torres ET. PMID: 38643348; PMCID: PMC11182800.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    2. Breast cancer and neurotransmitters: emerging insights on mechanisms and therapeutic directions. Oncogene. 2023 02; 42(9):627-637. Jayachandran P, Battaglin F, Strelez C, Lenz A, Algaze S, Soni S, Lo JH, Yang Y, Millstein J, Zhang W, Shih JC, Lu J, Mumenthaler SM, Spicer D, Neman J, Roussos Torres ET, Lenz HJ. PMID: 36650218; PMCID: PMC9957733.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    3. Effect of Chemotherapy on the Gut Microbiome of Breast Cancer Patients During the First Year of Treatment. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press). 2022; 14:433-451. Wu AH, Vigen C, Tseng C, Garcia AA, Spicer D. PMID: 36532254; PMCID: PMC9747861.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9  
    4. Integration of Universal Germline Genetic Testing for All New Breast Cancer Patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2023 Feb; 30(2):1017-1025. Culver JO, Freiberg Y, Ricker C, Comeaux JG, Chang EY, Banerjee V, Sturgeon D, Solomon I, Kagey J, Dobre MG, Carey J, Carr A, Cho S, Lu J, Kang IM, Patel K, Terando A, Ye JC, Li M, Lerman C, Spicer D, Nelson M. PMID: 36161375; PMCID: PMC9512964.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    5. Implementation of a Multisite Financial Reimbursement Program in Cancer Clinical Trials Integrated With Patient Navigation: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. JCO Oncol Pract. 2022 06; 18(6):e915-e924. Borno HT, Zhang L, Zhang S, Lin TK, Skafel A, Nieves E, Dornsife D, Johnson R, Rhoads K, Small E, Spicer D. PMID: 35196064; PMCID: PMC9191303.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    6. Disease characterization in liquid biopsy from HER2-mutated, non-amplified metastatic breast cancer patients treated with neratinib. NPJ Breast Cancer. 2022 Feb 18; 8(1):22. Shishido SN, Masson R, Xu L, Welter L, Prabakar RK, D' Souza A, Spicer D, Kang I, Jayachandran P, Hicks J, Lu J, Kuhn P. PMID: 35181666; PMCID: PMC8857263.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7  
    7. Aerobic and resistance exercise improve patient-reported sleep quality and is associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers in Hispanic and non-Hispanic breast cancer survivors who are overweight or obese: results from a secondary analysis. Sleep. 2021 10 11; 44(10). Dieli-Conwright CM, Courneya KS, Demark-Wahnefried W, Sami N, Norris MK, Fox FS, Buchanan TA, Spicer D, Bernstein L, Tripathy D. PMID: 33929533; PMCID: PMC8503828.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. Accelerating cancer clinical trial recruitment through a financial reimbursement program integrated with patient navigation: an interrupted time series analysis. J Cancer Policy. 2021 12; 30:100305. Borno HT, Lin TK, Zhang S, Skafel A, Lalanne A, Dornsife D, Johnson R, Spicer D, Small EJ, Rhoads KF. PMID: 35559801.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    9. Hispanic ethnicity as a moderator of the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on physical fitness and quality-of-life in breast cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv. 2021 02; 15(1):127-139. Dieli-Conwright CM, Fox FS, Tripathy D, Sami N, Van Fleet J, Buchanan TA, Spicer D, Lee K, Mortimer J, Bernstein L, Demark-Wahnefried W, Courneya KS. PMID: 32681303; PMCID: PMC7854763.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    10. Gut microbiome associations with breast cancer risk factors and tumor characteristics: a pilot study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2020 Jul; 182(2):451-463. Wu AH, Tseng C, Vigen C, Yu Y, Cozen W, Garcia AA, Spicer D. PMID: 32468338; PMCID: PMC7297869.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 40     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    11. Immigration history, lifestyle characteristics, and breast density in the Vietnamese American Women's Health Study: a cross-sectional analysis. Cancer Causes Control. 2020 Feb; 31(2):127-138. Lee E, Doanvo N, Lee M, Soe Z, Lee AW, Van Doan C, Deapen D, Ursin G, Spicer D, Reynolds P, Wu AH. PMID: 31916076; PMCID: PMC7842111.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    12. Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Shoulder Function in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese and Have Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Phys Ther. 2019 10 28; 99(10):1334-1345. Sweeney FC, Demark-Wahnefried W, Courneya KS, Sami N, Lee K, Tripathy D, Yamada K, Buchanan TA, Spicer DV, Bernstein L, Mortimer JE, Dieli-Conwright CM. PMID: 31309977; PMCID: PMC6821226.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    13. Effect of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2019 May 01; 5(5):710-714. Lee K, Tripathy D, Demark-Wahnefried W, Courneya KS, Sami N, Bernstein L, Spicer D, Buchanan TA, Mortimer JE, Dieli-Conwright CM. PMID: 30920602; PMCID: PMC6512455.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 31     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. Hispanic ethnicity as a moderator of the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in survivors of breast cancer. Cancer. 2019 03 15; 125(6):910-920. Dieli-Conwright CM, Sweeney FC, Courneya KS, Tripathy D, Sami N, Lee K, Buchanan TA, Spicer D, Bernstein L, Mortimer JE, Demark-Wahnefried W. PMID: 30500981; PMCID: PMC7164690.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Aerobic and resistance exercise improves physical fitness, bone health, and quality of life in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res. 2018 10 19; 20(1):124. Dieli-Conwright CM, Courneya KS, Demark-Wahnefried W, Sami N, Lee K, Sweeney FC, Stewart C, Buchanan TA, Spicer D, Tripathy D, Bernstein L, Mortimer JE. PMID: 30340503; PMCID: PMC6194749.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 112     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. Overcoming endocrine resistance in metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. J Hematol Oncol. 2018 06 11; 11(1):80. D'Souza A, Spicer D, Lu J. PMID: 29891002; PMCID: PMC5996460.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 22     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    17. Reply to E. Parkin et al. J Clin Oncol. 2018 07 10; 36(20):2129-2130. Dieli-Conwright CM, Courneya KS, Demark-Wahnefried W, Sami N, Lee K, Buchanan TA, Spicer D, Tripathy D, Bernstein L, Mortimer JE. PMID: 29847294.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    18. Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome, Sarcopenic Obesity, and Circulating Biomarkers in Overweight or Obese Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018 03 20; 36(9):875-883. Dieli-Conwright CM, Courneya KS, Demark-Wahnefried W, Sami N, Lee K, Buchanan TA, Spicer DV, Tripathy D, Bernstein L, Mortimer JE. PMID: 29356607; PMCID: PMC5858524.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 136     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    19. Adipose tissue inflammation in breast cancer survivors: effects of a 16-week combined aerobic and resistance exercise training intervention. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Feb; 168(1):147-157. Dieli-Conwright CM, Parmentier JH, Sami N, Lee K, Spicer D, Mack WJ, Sattler F, Mittelman SD. PMID: 29168064; PMCID: PMC6233989.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 45     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    20. Treatment of Endometriosis with the GnRHa Deslorelin and Add-Back Estradiol and Supplementary Testosterone. Biomed Res Int. 2015; 2015:934164. Agarwal SK, Daniels A, Drosman SR, Udoff L, Foster WG, Pike MC, Spicer DV, Daniels JR. PMID: 26881208; PMCID: PMC4736002.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    21. Double-Blind Randomized 12-Month Soy Intervention Had No Effects on Breast MRI Fibroglandular Tissue Density or Mammographic Density. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2015 Oct; 8(10):942-51. Wu AH, Spicer D, Garcia A, Tseng CC, Hovanessian-Larsen L, Sheth P, Martin SE, Hawes D, Russell C, MacDonald H, Tripathy D, Su MY, Ursin G, Pike MC. PMID: 26276750; PMCID: PMC4596769.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    22. Biological effects of green tea capsule supplementation in pre-surgery postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Front Oncol. 2013; 3:298. Yu SS, Spicer DV, Hawes D, Tseng CC, Yang CS, Pike MC, Wu AH. PMID: 24380073; PMCID: PMC3861892.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7  
    23. Soy isoflavones for breast cancer risk reduction. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012 Jul; 5(7):984-5; author reply 986-7. Wu AH, Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 22693167.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    24. Lowering oral contraceptive norethindrone dose increases estrogen and progesterone receptor levels with no reduction in proliferation of breast epithelium: a randomized trial. Contraception. 2012 Sep; 86(3):238-43. Hovanessian-Larsen L, Taylor D, Hawes D, Spicer DV, Press MF, Wu AH, Pike MC, Pearce CL. PMID: 22325110; PMCID: PMC3355208.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    25. Effect of 2-month controlled green tea intervention on lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and hormone levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2012 Mar; 5(3):393-402. Wu AH, Spicer D, Stanczyk FZ, Tseng CC, Yang CS, Pike MC. PMID: 22246619; PMCID: PMC3777853.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 44     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. Breast epithelial cell proliferation is markedly increased with short-term high levels of endogenous estrogen secondary to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012 Apr; 132(2):653-60. Chung K, Hovanessian-Larsen LJ, Hawes D, Taylor D, Downey S, Spicer DV, Stanczyk FZ, Patel S, Anderson AR, Pike MC, Wu AH, Pearce CL. PMID: 22083231; PMCID: PMC3303045.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    27. Characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer in patients with a BRCA1 mutation: results from a population-based study of young women. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Nov 20; 29(33):4373-80. Lee E, McKean-Cowdin R, Ma H, Spicer DV, Van Den Berg D, Bernstein L, Ursin G. PMID: 22010008; PMCID: PMC3221522.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 56     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    28. GRP78 as potential predictor for breast cancer response to adjuvant taxane therapy. Int J Cancer. 2011 Feb 01; 128(3):726-31. Lee E, Nichols P, Groshen S, Spicer D, Lee AS. PMID: 20473863; PMCID: PMC2972376.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 32     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    29. Preoperative concurrent paclitaxel-radiation in locally advanced breast cancer: pathologic response correlates with five-year overall survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010 Dec; 124(3):723-32. Adams S, Chakravarthy AB, Donach M, Spicer D, Lymberis S, Singh B, Bauer JA, Hochman T, Goldberg JD, Muggia F, Schneider RJ, Pietenpol JA, Formenti SC. PMID: 20878462; PMCID: PMC3655407.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 39     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    30. Phase II studies of gemcitabine and cisplatin in heavily and minimally pretreated metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009 May 01; 27(13):2163-9. Chew HK, Doroshow JH, Frankel P, Margolin KA, Somlo G, Lenz HJ, Gordon M, Zhang W, Yang D, Russell C, Spicer D, Synold T, Bayer R, Hantel A, Stiff PJ, Tetef ML, Gandara DR, Albain KS. PMID: 19307510; PMCID: PMC2674003.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 23     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    31. Progesterone and estrogen receptors in pregnant and premenopausal non-pregnant normal human breast. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Nov; 118(1):161-8. Taylor D, Pearce CL, Hovanessian-Larsen L, Downey S, Spicer DV, Bartow S, Pike MC, Wu AH, Hawes D. PMID: 19205874.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    32. Tamoxifen, soy, and lifestyle factors in Asian American women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jul 20; 25(21):3024-30. Wu AH, Pike MC, Williams LD, Spicer D, Tseng CC, Churchwell MI, Doerge DR. PMID: 17536081.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 11     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. Reduced mammographic density with use of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist-based chemoprevention regimen in BRCA1 carriers. Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 15; 13(2 Pt 1):654-8. Weitzel JN, Buys SS, Sherman WH, Daniels A, Ursin G, Daniels JR, MacDonald DJ, Blazer KR, Pike MC, Spicer DV. PMID: 17255289.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    34. Estrogens, progestins, and risk of breast cancer. Ernst Schering Found Symp Proc. 2007; (1):127-50. Pike MC, Wu AH, Spicer DV, Lee S, Pearce CL. PMID: 18540571.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    35. GRP78 as a novel predictor of responsiveness to chemotherapy in breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2006 Aug 15; 66(16):7849-53. Lee E, Nichols P, Spicer D, Groshen S, Yu MC, Lee AS. PMID: 16912156.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 121     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    36. Effect of valspodar on the pharmacokinetics of unbound paclitaxel. Invest New Drugs. 2003 Aug; 21(3):291-8. ten Tije AJ, Synold TW, Spicer D, Verweij J, Doroshow JH, Sparreboom A. PMID: 14578679.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    37. Preoperative twice-weekly paclitaxel with concurrent radiation therapy followed by surgery and postoperative doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer: a phase I/II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Mar 01; 21(5):864-70. Formenti SC, Volm M, Skinner KA, Spicer D, Cohen D, Perez E, Bettini AC, Groshen S, Gee C, Florentine B, Press M, Danenberg P, Muggia F. PMID: 12610186.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 28     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    38. Low HER2/neu gene expression is associated with pathological response to concurrent paclitaxel and radiation therapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002 Feb 01; 52(2):397-405. Formenti SC, Spicer D, Skinner K, Cohen D, Groshen S, Bettini A, Naritoku W, Press M, Salonga D, Tsao-Wei D, Danenberg K, Danenberg P. PMID: 11872285.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    39. Reversal of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist induced reductions in mammographic densities on stopping treatment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 Nov; 10(11):1117-20. Gram IT, Ursin G, Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 11700258.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    40. Mammographic density changes during the menstrual cycle. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 Feb; 10(2):141-2. Ursin G, Parisky YR, Pike MC, Spicer DV. PMID: 11219771.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    41. Hormonal contraception and chemoprevention of female cancers. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2000 Jun; 7(2):73-83. Pike MC, Spicer DV. PMID: 10903525.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    42. Future possibilities in the prevention of breast cancer: luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists. Breast Cancer Res. 2000; 2(4):264-7. Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 11250719; PMCID: PMC138786.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    43. Weekly lometrexol with daily oral folic acid is appropriate for phase II evaluation. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2000; 45(2):103-10. Roberts JD, Poplin EA, Tombes MB, Kyle B, Spicer DV, Grant S, Synold T, Moran R. PMID: 10663624.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    44. Problems involved in including women with simple hysterectomy in epidemiologic studies measuring the effects of hormone replacement therapy on breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Apr 15; 147(8):718-21. Pike MC, Ross RK, Spicer DV. PMID: 9554412.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    45. The detection of changes in mammographic densities. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1998 Jan; 7(1):43-7. Ursin G, Astrahan MA, Salane M, Parisky YR, Pearce JG, Daniels JR, Pike MC, Spicer DV. PMID: 9456242.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 50     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    46. Progesterone concentrations--physiologic or pharmacologic? Fertil Steril. 1996 May; 65(5):1077-8. Spicer DV, Ursin G, Pike MC. PMID: 8612843.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    47. Experiments on proliferation of normal human breast tissue in nude mice do not show that progesterone does not stimulate breast cells. Endocrinology. 1996 Apr; 137(4):1505-6. Pike MC, Ursin G, Spicer DV. PMID: 8625931.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    48. Can mammographic densities predict effects of tamoxifen on the breast? J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996 Jan 17; 88(2):128-9. Ursin G, Pike MC, Spicer DV, Porrath SA, Reitherman RW. PMID: 8537975.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 9     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    49. Phase II clinical trial of carboplatin, ifosfamide, with oral mesna for metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer Invest. 1995; 13(2):160-4. Turrill M, Spicer DV, Kelley AS, Herman RL, Russell CA, Muggia FM. PMID: 7874569.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    50. The endocrine prevention of breast cancer. Cancer Invest. 1995; 13(5):495-504. Spicer DV, Krecker EA, Pike MC. PMID: 7552817.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    51. Changes in mammographic densities induced by a hormonal contraceptive designed to reduce breast cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994 Mar 16; 86(6):431-6. Spicer DV, Ursin G, Parisky YR, Pearce JG, Shoupe D, Pike A, Pike MC. PMID: 8120917.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    52. Contraception and cancer prevention. Adv Contracept Deliv Syst. 1994; 10(3-4):369-86. Ursin G, Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 12287845.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:
    53. Sex steroids and breast cancer prevention. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1994; (16):139-47. Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 7999456.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    54. Breast cancer prevention through modulation of endogenous hormones. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1993 Nov; 28(2):179-93. Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 8173070.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    55. Hormone replacement after breast cancer. Lancet. 1993 Jul 17; 342(8864):183-4. Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 8101287.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    56. Pilot trial of a gonadotropin hormone agonist with replacement hormones as a prototype contraceptive to prevent breast cancer. Contraception. 1993 May; 47(5):427-44. Spicer DV, Pike MC, Pike A, Rude R, Shoupe D, Richardson J. PMID: 8390340.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 4     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    57. Tamoxifen and prevention. Lancet. 1993 Mar 13; 341(8846):693-4; author reply 695. Ursin G, Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 8095598.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    58. Estrogens, progestogens, normal breast cell proliferation, and breast cancer risk. Epidemiol Rev. 1993; 15(1):17-35. Pike MC, Spicer DV, Dahmoush L, Press MF. PMID: 8405201.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 259     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    59. The chemoprevention of breast cancer by reducing sex steroid exposure: perspectives from epidemiology. J Cell Biochem Suppl. 1993; 17G:26-36. Pike MC, Spicer DV. PMID: 8007706.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    60. Low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 and low-dose cyclophosphamide in metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1992; 34(6):424-6. Spicer DV, Kelley A, Herman R, Dean G, Stevenson L, Mitchell MS. PMID: 1532923; PMCID: PMC11038732.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsCTClinical Trials
    61. The prevention of breast cancer through reduced ovarian steroid exposure. Acta Oncol. 1992; 31(2):167-74. Spicer DV, Pike MC. PMID: 1622631.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 6     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    62. GnRH agonists as contraceptive agents: predicted significantly reduced risk of breast cancer. Contraception. 1991 Sep; 44(3):289-310. Spicer DV, Shoupe D, Pike MC. PMID: 1662596.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    63. Ovarian cancer and long-term tamoxifen in premenopausal women. Lancet. 1991 Jun 08; 337(8754):1414. Spicer DV, Pike MC, Henderson BE. PMID: 1674785.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    64. Tamoxifen and estrogen replacement therapy as agents of disease prevention. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1991 Jan 02; 83(1):63-4. Spicer DV, Pike MC, Henderson BE, Groshen S. PMID: 1984521.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    65. Tolerance of extended (28 day) continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil in advanced head and neck cancer. Sel Cancer Ther. 1991; 7(1):17-21. Grunberg SM, Clay C, Spicer DV. PMID: 1833803.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    66. Reevaluation of the maximum tolerated dose of continuous venous infusion of 5-fluorouracil with pharmacokinetics. Cancer Res. 1988 Jan 15; 48(2):459-61. Spicer DV, Ardalan B, Daniels JR, Silberman H, Johnson K. PMID: 3335014.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 8     Fields:    Translation:Humans
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