Lee Ann Baxter-Lowe, PhD

Title(s)Professor Of Clinical Pathology
SchoolKeck School of Medicine of Usc
Address4640 West Sunset Blvd
Off Campus
Los Angeles CA 90027
Phone+1 323 361 5279
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    Dr Baxter-Lowe's research involves characterizing HLA polymorphism and determining its relevance in transplantation and human disease. In recent years she has been investigating the role of HLA antibodies in transplantation of solid organs and hematopoietic stem cells. Her laboratory has supported numerous single and multicenter clinical trials in transplantation and has been a core laboratory for the NIH Immune Tolerance Network. Her research has been reported in more than 125 scientific publications.

    Dr. Baxter-Lowe has also served as a clinical histocompatibility laboratory director and in this capacity has been involved in advancing histocompatibility testing and its clinical application. She has had a long-standing commitment to policy development and is currently serving as Chair of the Histocompatibility Committee of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and is the facilitator for the Histocompatibility Workgroup for the 2012 National Consensus Conference on Kidney Paired Donation (KPD). She has served as a member or chair of numerous national and international committees in this field.

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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Researchers can login to make corrections and additions, or contact us for help. to make corrections and additions.
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    Altmetrics Details PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Novel Scoring System for Ranking Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Clin Transplant. 2024 Nov; 38(11):e15478. Baxter-Lowe LA, Wang T, Kuxhausen M, Spellman SR, Maiers M, Lee S, Saultz J, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Gadalla SM, Bolon YT, Betts BC. PMID: 39512128.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    2. HLA diversity in ethnic populations can affect detection of donor-specific antibodies by single antigen beads. Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1287028. Quon JC, Kaneta K, Fotiadis N, Menteer J, Lestz RM, Weisert M, Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 38077376; PMCID: PMC10701672.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    3. Next generation multiplexing for digital PCR using a novel melt-based hairpin probe design. Front Genet. 2023; 14:1272964. Edwards RL, Takach JE, McAndrew MJ, Menteer J, Lestz RM, Whitman D, Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 38028620; PMCID: PMC10667681.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1  
    4. Donor chimerism and immune reconstitution following haploidentical transplantation in sickle cell disease. Front Immunol. 2022; 13:1055497. Chu Y, Talano JA, Baxter-Lowe LA, Verbsky JW, Morris E, Mahanti H, Ayello J, Keever-Taylor C, Johnson B, Weinberg RS, Shi Q, Moore TB, Fabricatore S, Grossman B, van de Ven C, Shenoy S, Cairo MS. PMID: 36569951; PMCID: PMC9780682.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    5. Cell-free DNA as a solid-organ transplant biomarker: technologies and approaches. Biomark Med. 2022 04; 16(5):401-415. Edwards RL, Menteer J, Lestz RM, Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 35195028.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 13     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    6. Haploidentical vs sibling, unrelated, or cord blood hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Adv. 2022 01 11; 6(1):339-357. Wieduwilt MJ, Metheny L, Zhang MJ, Wang HL, Estrada-Merly N, Marks DI, Al-Homsi AS, Muffly L, Chao N, Rizzieri D, Gale RP, Gadalla SM, Cairo M, Mussetti A, Gore S, Bhatt VR, Patel SS, Michelis FV, Inamoto Y, Badawy SM, Copelan E, Palmisiano N, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Lazarus HM, Ganguly S, Bredeson C, Diaz Perez MA, Cassaday R, Savani BN, Ballen K, Martino R, Wirk B, Bacher U, Aljurf M, Bashey A, Murthy HS, Yared JA, Aldoss I, Farhadfar N, Liu H, Abdel-Azim H, Waller EK, Solh M, Seftel MD, van der Poel M, Grunwald MR, Liesveld JL, Kamble RT, McGuirk J, Munker R, Cahn JY, Lee JW, Freytes CO, Krem MM, Winestone LE, Gergis U, Nathan S, Olsson RF, Verdonck LF, Sharma A, Ringdén O, Friend BD, Cerny J, Choe H, Chhabra S, Nishihori T, Seo S, George B, Baxter-Lowe LA, Hildebrandt GC, de Lima M, Litzow M, Kebriaei P, Hourigan CS, Abid MB, Weisdorf DJ, Saber W. PMID: 34547770; PMCID: PMC8753217.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    7. Defining and characterizing HLA diversity. Hum Immunol. 2021 07; 82(7):455-456. Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 34059370.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    8. The changing landscape of HLA typing: Understanding how and when HLA typing data can be used with confidence from bench to bedside. Hum Immunol. 2021 Jul; 82(7):466-477. Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 34030895.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    9. Genetics of HLA Peptide Presentation and Impact on Outcomes in HLA-Matched Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Transplant Cell Ther. 2021 07; 27(7):591-599. Story CM, Wang T, Bhatt VR, Battiwalla M, Badawy SM, Kamoun M, Gragert L, Brown V, Baxter-Lowe LA, Marsh SGE, Gadalla SM, Schetelig J, Mytilineos J, Miklos D, Waller EK, Kuxhausen M, Spellman S, Lee S, Paczesny S, Lansford JL, Vincent BG, Riches ML, Armistead PM, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research Immunobiology Working Committee. PMID: 33882342; PMCID: PMC8343993.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    10. The discovery of the HLA-B*56:75 allele shows that HLA sequencing is important in all transplant settings. HLA. 2021 05; 97(5):463-464. Quon JC, Lyle WD, Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 33369190.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    11. Growing evidence that 2-field high-resolution HLA typing is important for kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2020 12; 20(12):3277-3278. Baxter-Lowe LA. PMID: 32484291.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 1     Fields:    
    12. Optimal Donor for African Americans with Hematologic Malignancy: HLA-Haploidentical Relative or Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2020 10; 26(10):1930-1936. Solomon SR, Martin AS, Zhang MJ, Ballen K, Bashey A, Battiwalla M, Baxter-Lowe LA, Brunstein C, Chhabra S, Perez MAD, Fuchs EJ, Ganguly S, Hardy N, Hematti P, McGuirk J, Peres E, Ringden O, Rizzieri D, Romee R, Solh M, Szwajcer D, van der Poel M, Waller E, William BM, Eapen M. PMID: 32649981; PMCID: PMC7530013.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    13. The clinical impact of donor-specific antibodies on antibody-mediated rejection and long-term prognosis after heart transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant. 2019 06; 24(3):245-251. Su JA, Baxter-Lowe LA, Kantor PF, Szmuszkovicz JR, Menteer J. PMID: 31090631.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. The safety and efficacy of clofarabine in combination with high-dose cytarabine and total body irradiation myeloablative conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) with poor-risk acute leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2019 02; 54(2):226-235. Hochberg J, Zahler S, Geyer MB, Chen N, Krajewski J, Harrison L, Militano O, Ozkaynak MF, Cheerva AC, Talano J, Moore TB, Gillio AP, Walters MC, Baxter-Lowe LA, Hamby C, Cairo MS. PMID: 29899571.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 3     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    15. Human leukocyte antigens antibodies after lung transplantation: Primary results of the HALT study. Am J Transplant. 2018 09; 18(9):2285-2294. Hachem RR, Kamoun M, Budev MM, Askar M, Ahya VN, Lee JC, Levine DJ, Pollack MS, Dhillon GS, Weill D, Schechtman KB, Leard LE, Golden JA, Baxter-Lowe L, Mohanakumar T, Tyan DB, Yusen RD. PMID: 29687961; PMCID: PMC6117197.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    16. CPRA for allocation of kidneys in the US: More candidates ≥98% CPRA, lower positive crossmatch rates and improved transplant rates for sensitized patients. Hum Immunol. 2016 May; 77(5):395-402. Baxter-Lowe LA, Kucheryavaya A, Tyan D, Reinsmoen N. PMID: 27012168.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 7     Fields:    Translation:HumansPHPublic Health
    17. A Phase I Study of Reduced-Intensity Conditioning and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Followed by Dose Escalation of Targeted Consolidation Immunotherapy with Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin in Children and Adolescents with CD33+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2016 Apr; 22(4):698-704. Zahler S, Bhatia M, Ricci A, Roy S, Morris E, Harrison L, van de Ven C, Fabricatore S, Wolownik K, Cooney-Qualter E, Baxter-Lowe LA, Luisi P, Militano O, Kletzel M, Cairo MS. PMID: 26785332.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    18. Pilot trial of risk-adapted cyclophosphamide intensity based conditioning and HLA matched sibling and unrelated cord blood stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed pediatric and adolescent recipients with acquired severe aplastic anemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014 Jul; 61(7):1289-94. McGuinn C, Geyer MB, Jin Z, Garvin JH, Satwani P, Bradley MB, Bhatia M, George D, Duffy D, Morris E, van de Ven C, Schwartz J, Baxter-Lowe LA, Cairo MS. PMID: 24623601.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    19. Identification of a permissible HLA mismatch in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2014 Feb 20; 123(8):1270-8. Fernandez-Viña MA, Wang T, Lee SJ, Haagenson M, Aljurf M, Askar M, Battiwalla M, Baxter-Lowe LA, Gajewski J, Jakubowski AA, Marino S, Oudshoorn M, Marsh SG, Petersdorf EW, Schultz K, Turner EV, Waller EK, Woolfrey A, Umejiego J, Spellman SR, Setterholm M. PMID: 24408320; PMCID: PMC3931192.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 36     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    20. Impact of allele-level HLA matching on outcomes after myeloablative single unit umbilical cord blood transplantation for hematologic malignancy. Blood. 2014 Jan 02; 123(1):133-40. Eapen M, Klein JP, Ruggeri A, Spellman S, Lee SJ, Anasetti C, Arcese W, Barker JN, Baxter-Lowe LA, Brown M, Fernandez-Vina MA, Freeman J, He W, Iori AP, Horowitz MM, Locatelli F, Marino S, Maiers M, Michel G, Sanz GF, Gluckman E, Rocha V, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Netcord, Eurocord, and the European G. PMID: 24141369; PMCID: PMC3879902.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 88     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    21. Amino acid substitution at peptide-binding pockets of HLA class I molecules increases risk of severe acute GVHD and mortality. Blood. 2013 Nov 21; 122(22):3651-8. Pidala J, Wang T, Haagenson M, Spellman SR, Askar M, Battiwalla M, Baxter-Lowe LA, Bitan M, Fernandez-Viña M, Gandhi M, Jakubowski AA, Maiers M, Marino SR, Marsh SG, Oudshoorn M, Palmer J, Prasad VK, Reddy V, Ringden O, Saber W, Santarone S, Schultz KR, Setterholm M, Trachtenberg E, Turner EV, Woolfrey AE, Lee SJ, Anasetti C. PMID: 23982174; PMCID: PMC3837514.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 41     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    22. Multiple mismatches at the low expression HLA loci DP, DQ, and DRB3/4/5 associate with adverse outcomes in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2013 May 30; 121(22):4603-10. Fernández-Viña MA, Klein JP, Haagenson M, Spellman SR, Anasetti C, Noreen H, Baxter-Lowe LA, Cano P, Flomenberg N, Confer DL, Horowitz MM, Oudshoorn M, Petersdorf EW, Setterholm M, Champlin R, Lee SJ, de Lima M. PMID: 23596045; PMCID: PMC3668493.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 67     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    23. Busulfan, fludarabine, and alemtuzumab conditioning and unrelated cord blood transplantation in children with sickle cell disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Apr; 19(4):676-7. Radhakrishnan K, Bhatia M, Geyer MB, Del Toro G, Jin Z, Baker C, Harrison L, Morris E, Baxter-Lowe LA, Cairo MS. PMID: 23403308.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    24. Transplantation-related mortality, graft failure, and survival after reduced-toxicity conditioning and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 100 consecutive pediatric recipients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Apr; 19(4):552-61. Satwani P, Jin Z, Duffy D, Morris E, Bhatia M, Garvin JH, George D, Bradley MB, Harrison L, Petrillo K, Schwartz J, Foley S, Hawks R, Baxter-Lowe LA, Cairo MS. PMID: 23253557.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    25. Effect of HLA-matching recipients to donor noninherited maternal antigens on outcomes after mismatched umbilical cord blood transplantation for hematologic malignancy. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Dec; 18(12):1890-6. Rocha V, Spellman S, Zhang MJ, Ruggeri A, Purtill D, Brady C, Baxter-Lowe LA, Baudoux E, Bergamaschi P, Chow R, Freed B, Koegler G, Kurtzberg J, Larghero J, Lecchi L, Nagler A, Navarrette C, Prasad V, Pouthier F, Price T, Ratanatharathorn V, van Rood JJ, Horowitz MM, Gluckman E, Eapen M, Eurocord-European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group and the Center for International Blood and Marro. PMID: 22814031; PMCID: PMC3826155.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    26. Busulfan, fludarabine, and alemtuzumab as a reduced toxicity regimen for children with malignant and nonmalignant diseases improves engraftment and graft-versus-host disease without delaying immune reconstitution. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Nov; 18(11):1656-63. Law J, Cowan MJ, Dvorak CC, Musick L, Long-Boyle JR, Baxter-Lowe LA, Horn B. PMID: 22609040.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 21     Fields:    Translation:HumansCellsPHPublic HealthCTClinical Trials
    27. T cell depletion utilizing CD34(+) stem cell selection and CD3(+) addback from unrelated adult donors in paediatric allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients. Br J Haematol. 2012 Apr; 157(2):205-19. Geyer MB, Ricci AM, Jacobson JS, Majzner R, Duffy D, Van de Ven C, Ayello J, Bhatia M, Garvin JH, George D, Satwani P, Harrison L, Morris E, Semidei-Pomales M, Schwartz J, Alobeid B, Baxter-Lowe LA, Cairo MS. PMID: 22313507.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    28. A Phase I study of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) in combination with busulfan and cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in children with poor-risk CD33+ AML: a new targeted immunochemotherapy myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 Feb; 18(2):324-9. Satwani P, Bhatia M, Garvin JH, George D, Dela Cruz F, Le Gall J, Jin Z, Schwartz J, Duffy D, van de Ven C, Foley S, Hawks R, Morris E, Baxter-Lowe LA, Cairo MS. PMID: 22079471.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    29. Scoring HLA class I mismatches by HistoCheck does not predict clinical outcome in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012 May; 18(5):739-46. Spellman S, Klein J, Haagenson M, Askar M, Baxter-Lowe LA, He J, Hsu S, Blasczyk R, Hurley C. PMID: 21963622; PMCID: PMC3270214.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 18     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    30. HLA-DR matching in organ allocation: balance between waiting time and rejection in pediatric kidney transplantation. Arch Surg. 2011 Jul; 146(7):824-9. Vu LT, Baxter-Lowe LA, Garcia J, McEnhill M, Summers P, Hirose R, Lee M, Stock PG. PMID: 21768429.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 10     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    31. Reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for patients with hematologic malignancies who relapse following autologous transplantation: a multi-institutional prospective study from the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB trial 100002). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011 Apr; 17(4):558-65. Bashey A, Owzar K, Johnson JL, Edwards PS, Kelly M, Baxter-Lowe LA, Devine S, Farag S, Hurd D, Ball E, McCarthy P, Lister J, Shea TC, Linker C. PMID: 20674758; PMCID: PMC3807877.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCTClinical Trials
    32. Kidney transplantation at UCSF: 8,300 transplants and onward. Clin Transpl. 2010; 161-7. Wojciechowski D, Hirose R, Stock P, Vincenti F, Baxter-Lowe LA, Salvatierra O. PMID: 21696039.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:Humans
    33. An age-dependent pharmacokinetic study of intravenous and oral mycophenolate mofetil in combination with tacrolimus for GVHD prophylaxis in pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010 Mar; 16(3):333-43. Bhatia M, Militano O, Jin Z, Figurski M, Shaw L, Moore V, Morris E, Tallamy B, van deVen C, Ayello J, Baxter-Lowe L, Satwani P, George D, Bradley MB, Garvin J, Cairo MS. PMID: 19835971.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    34. HLA-A disparities illustrate challenges for ranking the impact of HLA mismatches on bone marrow transplant outcomes in the United States. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009 Aug; 15(8):971-81. Baxter-Lowe LA, Maiers M, Spellman SR, Haagenson MD, Wang T, Fernandez-Vina M, Marsh SG, Horowitz M, Hurley CK. PMID: 19589487; PMCID: PMC2747529.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 12     Fields:    
    35. Advancement and clinical implications of HLA typing in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Treat Res. 2009; 144:71-94. Baxter-Lowe LA, Hurley CK. PMID: 19779873.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions:    Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    36. Results of the Cord Blood Transplantation Study (COBLT): clinical outcomes of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies. Blood. 2008 Nov 15; 112(10):4318-27. Kurtzberg J, Prasad VK, Carter SL, Wagner JE, Baxter-Lowe LA, Wall D, Kapoor N, Guinan EC, Feig SA, Wagner EL, Kernan NA, COBLT Steering Committee. PMID: 18723429; PMCID: PMC2581998.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 103     Fields:    Translation:HumansCTClinical Trials
    37. High-resolution donor-recipient HLA matching contributes to the success of unrelated donor marrow transplantation. Blood. 2007 Dec 15; 110(13):4576-83. Lee SJ, Klein J, Haagenson M, Baxter-Lowe LA, Confer DL, Eapen M, Fernandez-Vina M, Flomenberg N, Horowitz M, Hurley CK, Noreen H, Oudshoorn M, Petersdorf E, Setterholm M, Spellman S, Weisdorf D, Williams TM, Anasetti C. PMID: 17785583.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 481     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    38. A high degree of HLA disparity arises from limited allelic diversity: analysis of 1775 unrelated bone marrow transplant donor-recipient pairs. Hum Immunol. 2007 Jan; 68(1):30-40. Hurley CK, Fernandez-Vina M, Hildebrand WH, Noreen HJ, Trachtenberg E, Williams TM, Baxter-Lowe LA, Begovich AB, Petersdorf E, Selvakumar A, Stastny P, Hegland J, Hartzman RJ, Carston M, Gandham S, Kollman C, Nelson G, Spellman S, Setterholm M. PMID: 17207710.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 17     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    39. Impact of HLA class I and class II high-resolution matching on outcomes of unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation: HLA-C mismatching is associated with a strong adverse effect on transplantation outcome. Blood. 2004 Oct 01; 104(7):1923-30. Flomenberg N, Baxter-Lowe LA, Confer D, Fernandez-Vina M, Filipovich A, Horowitz M, Hurley C, Kollman C, Anasetti C, Noreen H, Begovich A, Hildebrand W, Petersdorf E, Schmeckpeper B, Setterholm M, Trachtenberg E, Williams T, Yunis E, Weisdorf D. PMID: 15191952.
      View in: PubMed   Mentions: 200     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
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